TRUSS:
A framework composed of members joined at their ends to form a rigid structure, built from basic triangles in the manner described is known as truss or simple truss.
A framework composed of members joined at their ends to form a rigid structure, built from basic triangles in the manner described is known as truss or simple truss.
Plain Trusses:
When the members of the truss lie essentially in a single plane, the truss is called a plain truss.
TYPES OF TRUSSES:
Trusses can be mainly divided into two types:
I. Bridge Trusses.
II. Roof Trusses.
I. BRIDGE TRUSSES:
1. Pratt Bridge Truss:
It includes vertical members and diagonals that slope down towards the center.
2. Howe Bridge Truss:
It includes vertical members and diagonals that slope up towards the center.
3. Baltimore Bridge Truss:
A Baltimore truss has additional bracing in the lower section of the truss to prevent buckling in the compression members and to control deflection.
4. K Bridge Truss:
A truss in the form of a K due to the orientation of the vertical member and two oblique members in each panel is known as a K bridge truss.
5. Warren Bridge Truss:
It consists of longitudinal members joined only by angled cross-members, forming alternately inverted equilateral triangle-shaped spaces along its length.
6. Bailey Bridge Truss:
It is designed for military use, the prefabricated and standardized truss elements may be easily combined in various configurations to adapt to the needs.
II. Roof Trusses:
1. Pratt Roof Truss:
It uses vertical member for compression and horizontal members to respond to tension and is most efficient under static and vertical loading.
2. Fink Roof Truss:
They are used for longer spans having high pitch roof, since the web members in such truss are sub-divided to obtain shorter members.
3. Howe Roof Truss:
It is a roof truss with vertical web members to take tension forces and with angled braces to take compression.
4. Warren Roof Truss:
In warren roof truss diagonal members are alternatively in tension and compression and are used in a building ranging from 20-100m in length.
5. King Post Roof Truss:
A king post extends vertically from a crossbeam to the apex of a triangular truss. It connects the apex of the truss with its base, holding up the tie beam (in tension) at the base of the truss.
